Matrix type switch arrangement



J. MRWALD 3,140,403

July 7, 1964 Filed Oct. 24. 1960 LMI" "W s w July 7, 1954 J. MRwALD 3,140,403

MATRIX TYPE SWITCH ARRANGEMENT Filed Oct. 24, 1960 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. M1-vo LA WS m July 7 1.964 J. MRwALD MATRIX TYPE SWITCH ARRANGEMENT 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed* 0012,. 24', 1960 ,mu/Ms swag/.us .ma-aria' M MJA BY W15. sarda.

Jul-"y- 7,;` J. MRwwLD- MATRIX TYPE SWITCH ARRANGEMENT Filed? O`Ct. 24. 1960"' 4 Sheets-Sheet. 4

l s *nl lila our I l I pren/azar 2t our ,eff +IVA INVENTOR. g ql.. e BY M e, f Sm *f y M United States Patent C) 3,140,403 MATRIX TYPE SWITCH ARRANGEMENT Josef Mrwald, Dachau, near Munich, Germany, as-

signor to Kienzle Apparate G.m.b.H., Villingen, Black Forest, Germany Filed Oct. 24, 1960, Ser. No. 64,506 Claims priority, application Germany Oct. 23, 1959 33 Claims. (Cl. 307-88) The present invention concerns matrix type switch arrangements. Switch arrangements of this type are generally known and are being used in various elds of electrical engineering.

Conventional switch arrangements of the type set forth comprise a plurality of contact pairs of contacts, the pairs of contacts being arranged in columns and rows extending perpendicular to each other, and comprise control means for operating the pairs of contacts in combinations corresponding to their rows and columns. Such control means may be control rods extending along the above mentioned rows and columns of contact pairs and serving to place, upon operation, only those pairs of contacts into engagement which are located at an intersection of a selected row and a selected column. Further means are provided for maintaining the particular pair of contacts in engaged position as long as this is desirable.

Also in telephone exchange installations similar switching arrangements in the form of conventional switch boards are being used. Moreover, matrix type switch arrangements have been provided particularly in connection with calculating devices where digit values are to be transmitted from a mechanical calculating apparatus to electronic arrangements.

Experience has shown, however, that in all these cases where contacts are used in matrix type switch arrangements severe difliculties arise, for instance due to poor or unreliable contact engagement, due to wear, corrosion or contamination. Also, since most of these contacts are made of resilient material, spring fatigue sets in after a certain number of operations.

Particularly in calculating apparatus it is imperative that such unreliability of switch arrangements is eliminated because any incomplete transfer of digit representing signals would inevitably entail wrong results of the calculation.

It has been proposed to remedy the situation by using so-called Reed-contacts at the intersection points between rows and columns, however while these means improve the performance the costs thereof are prohibitive.

It is therefore a main object of this invention to provide for a matrix type switching arrangement which entirely avoids fthe use of contacts.

It is a further object of this invention to provide for an arrangement of the type set forth which combines comparatively very small space requirements with entire reliability in operation without the danger oferrors or effects of aging.

With the above objects in view the invention provides in la matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies, each comprising a magnetizable core, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core Kassemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the panticular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization; and magnetizing means adjustable to a plurality of f positions in relation fto said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined ICC number of said core assemblies of said set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon application of input pulses to said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

In another aspect of this invention, a matrix type switch arrangement comprises, in combination, a plurality of sets of core assemblies representing respectively matrix columns, each core assembly comprising a magnetizable core, and an input winding `and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, all of said output windings of each individual set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other and a plurality of input windings of core assemblies forming par-t of different sets thereof but having sequentially equal positions within said different sets being connected in series with each other, the (thus lassociated core assemblies, which have their input windings connected, representing rows of the matrix; and magnetizing means respectively associated with said sets of core assemblies and adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to the core assemblies of the respectively associated set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of core assemblies of the respective set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon application of input pulses to said input windings of the respective set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly of the respective set of core assemblies which is excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

Preferably, according to the invention, magnet cores of annular form and made of magnetically soft material are used which has not a rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic.

On the basis of the above mentioned features a matrix type switch arrangement is provided which has no operating contact any more and is therefore not subject to any appreciable wear while combining a very simple structure with a practically unlimited service life. It will be shown that in an arrangement according to the invention mechanical switch control means can be used which however permit the transfer and storage of selected signals within the arrangement without the operation, namely the opening and closing of contacts.

A particularly attractive eld of application of the arrangement according to the invention is its use as an order position control device between two preferably electronic calculating or storage apparatus.

It should be understood that the structural form of the switch arrangement according to the invention is by no means limited to the embodiment illustrated and described below in which the entire arrangement extends substantiallyin one plane. In certain cases it may be highly advantageous to arrange the whole matrix on a cylindrical surface or portion thereof, similarly as in the contact arrangements of the well-known two-motion type linefinder switches in dial system telephone installations, or also, even in multiple combinations, in drum form similarly to commutator-brush type switches. The basic concept of the invention is not affected by selecting one or the other structural form of the arrangement.

The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description of specific .3 embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram, in perspective fashion, of at least a portion of a matrix type switch arrangement accordingy to the invention comprising only three columns;

FIGS. la and 1b illustrate certain details of such an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a core matrix for eleven order positions;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the hysteresis loop characteristic of the material preferably used for the magnet cores in the arrangement;

FIG. 4 is intended to illustrate diagrammatically the inuence of a permanent magnet on the magnet cores of the arrangement; and

FIG. 5 illustrates diagrammatically the arrangement according to the invention in its special application of serving as an order position control device between cooperating electronic calculating devices.

The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be considered a portion of a larger matrix arrangement or just as an example of a matrix having only three columns and ten rows. The illustration being a diagram, all mechanical or structural elements are omitted for the sake of clarity of the illustration and for better showing the basic principle of the invention.

The arrangement of FIG. yl comprises three sets of core assemblies, each set being composed of ten core assemblies arranged at equal intervals along a straight line. Each core assembly comprises an annular magnetizable core 11i, and the pertaining input and output windings. Assuming that the arrangement is designed for transmitting or storing digit value signals referring to numbers in the decimal system, the individual sets of core assemblies are assigned to, or associated with, respective order positions A, B and C. Consequently, the series-connected output windings for the set associated with the order position A are represented by a straight wire O A passing through all the cores of this set. Analogously, the output windings of the set associated with the order position B are represented by the straight wire OB and the output windings of the set associated with the order position C are represented by a straight wire OC. The three output wires OA, OB and OC emanate from a joint output line OX so that they are all jointly connected to ground. The input windings of cores having the same relative serial position within each set are connected in series with each other, respectively, and emanate from a common ground connection R which, together with the line OX, is connected to a control switch S and thereby to ground. The input line connects the input windings of the first cores of the three sets, the input line 101 connectsV the input windings of the second cores of the sets and so on. The input line 109 connects the input windings of the last or tenth cores of the sets. Each of these input lines is associated with, or assigned to, a digit value ranging from 0 to 9 as marked at the left hand ends of these input lines.

It should be understood that in the terminology used in this speciiication and in the claims the term on a core in connection with defining the mounting of a winding of a core includes both a winding actually consisting of at least one turn of wire coiled around a portion of the annular core, and also the arrangement of a straight wire passing through the center opening of the core which, as is known, has the same effect as a coiled winding. In other words, the term winding on a core includes any arrangement of a conductor in the area of a magnetizable core which is capable of magnetizing the core upon the passage of electric current through the conductor, or of being the source of an electric current by induction when the magnetization of the core is changed.

Every set of core assemblies is associated with a control member, more speciically a magnetizing device which is capable of increasing a normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization of a predetermined number of cores in the respective set of core assemblies, depending upon the position of this magnetizing member in relation to the core assemblies. In the example illustrated by FIG. l the magnetizing members consist of channel-shaped bars 11, 12, 13, respectively, which are movable in longitudinal direction along the pertaining set of core assemblies. The latter are mounted, by means not shown, so as to be located in transverse position within the hollow portion of the respective channel bar 11, 12, 13, respectively. rl`hese bars are made of permanently magnetized material, the magnetization being carried out in such a manner that one wall of the channel constitutes a north pole and the other wall a south pole, as is indicated at the forward end of the channel 13. Therefore, each of the cores 10 is located within the magnetic field extending in transverse direction between the opposite walls of the respective channel. This can be seen more clearly from FIG. 4 where one section of channel 11 is illustrated in plan view and showing, for the purpose of explanation, the annular core 1@ in a position parallel with the bottom of the channel 11. This orientation of the annular core 1t? is quite as suitable as the position perpendicular to the bottom of the channel 11 illustrated in FIG. '1. In FIG. 4 the arrows indicate both the magnetic flux in the annular core 10 and the magnetic field lines between the oppositely magnetized walls of the channel 11. The effect of the magnetizing members 11, 12, 13 on the associated sets of cores will be described further below.

At this point it is to be stated that the magnetizing members do not have to be permanently magnetized bars as described above, but may also be electromagnetic devices somewhat as shown by FIG. lb. In this case the channelshaped member is composed of a wall 11 and an opposite wall 11, connected at the bottom by a non-magnetic strip 11"', each of the wall members 11 and 11 carrying at its rear end a coil 11b and 11C, respectively, which are connected with each other and with a source of direct current potential in such a manner that by application of electrical energy to the coils 11b and 11a` the entire side walls 11 and 11 are magnetized so as to constitute magnetically opposite poles.

The example shown in FIG. 1b is not intended to be limiting because many other equivalent arrangements can be devised.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, each of the channelshaped bars 11, 12, 13 has cut-outs or notches 11a provided in the side walls and aligned with each other in such a manner that, depending upon the longitudinal adjustment or position of the individual bar 11, 12, 13, respectively, a core 10 located in the area of the respective cut-outs 11a is eliminated from the inuence by the magnetic iield otherwise existing between the side Walls of the respective channel and influencing the other cores 10 of the particular set of core assemblies.

In a preferred application of the invention to calculating or bookkeeping machines the individual channel members 11, 12, 13 are shifted in their longitudinal direction by the action of mechanical control elements of the particular calculating machine, not shown in detail in FIG. 1. However, FIG. 1a illustrates, by way of example, diagrammatically channel 11 with an attached extension rod a having rack teeth along one edge whereby it is in driving engagement with a sprocket b which may be turned by means of a shaft d in driving connection with control members of the respective calculating machine. In this manner the member 11 can be moved, against the action of a return spring c into different positions corresponding to, or associated with, certain digit values furnished by the calculating machine and transferred, for example, to the pertaining printing apparatus. A pawl e may be provided for holding the member 11 in such adjusted position until the pawl e is moved out of engagement whereafter the spring c would return the member 11 to its normal position.

FIG. 1 illustrates a condition of the arrangement in which the members 11, 12 and 13 have been adjusted to specific positions as follows: The member 11 which is assigned to the lowest or first order position A is in a position in which the first core 100 is in alignment with the notches 11a, the member 12 is in a position in which the core 102 is in alignment with the pertaining notches, and member 13 is in a position in which the core 101 is in such a position. Consequently the just named three cores are the ones which are not iniiuenced by the magnetic field existing between the walls of the pertaining magnetizing members, and these are also the cores which are selected under these conditions to transmit digit representing input or read-out pulses to the respective output lines. In this example a read-out or input pulse 6%', which is shown in FIG. 1 to be a negative pulse, applied to input line 100 would only magnetize the core 100 and thus generate an output pulse from the output line OA for the first order position; similarly a read-out or input pulse applied to the input line 101 would only magnetize the core 101 and thus produce an output pulse from the output line OC assigned to the order position C; and finally a read-out or input pulse applied to the input line 102 would only magnetize the core 102 and thus generate an output pulse from the output line OB assigned to the order position B. Consequently, in this manner a number 120 has been read out in correct order arrangement and corresponding pulses have been delivered through the output lines of the arrangement.

The annular cores are made preferably of magnetically soft material the magnetic characteristics whereof will be explained now with reference to FIG. 3. A magnetically soft core of this type, i.e. a core made of a material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic will, after having been magnetized in positive direction e.g. to the diagram point Bm, return to its normal remanent magnetic state -i-Br as soon as the magnetizing field has been removed. The variation of the magnetic ux in the core from the point +B, i.e. its normal remanent condition, to the point -j-Bm can be utilized, after a magnetzing force HA has been applied through energization of an input winding WE, for producing by induction in the corresponding output winding WA a marked output signal.

FIG. 3 should be considered in connection with FIG. 2. There the essential circuitry of a matrix arrangement according to the invention is shown in a diagrammatic way. At the left hand end of the diagram a read-out stepping switch 2t), of any conventional type, is shown and has ten sections assigned sequentially to the digit values "0 to 9 for sequentially issuing input or readout pulses 60 into a corresponding number of amplifiers V0 to V9 respectively, which, in turn, issue correspondingly amplified negative read-out or input pulses 60' into the respectively connected input lines 10i), 101, 102 109, respectively which are jointly connected at the right hand end of the diagram to ground. In a portion of the diagram the respective input windings are symbolized by a slanting short line marked WE. The individual cores are indicated by a vertical line marked 1E). The respective output windings WA are likewise symbolized by a short slanting line across the core line. The columns of the matrix are constituted by the series connected output windings WA, and accordingly by tlie'rneandering output lines OA, OB OL which are all connected at one end to the common conductor OX which is also connected with the above mentioned line R and which terminate, at the bottom of the diagram in a series of output amplifiers V assigned to the decimal order positions A, I3, C L. A negative output pulse 60 is indicated near the output amplifier VL.

Returning now to FIG. 3, it can be yseen that the application of an input pulse to an input winding WE creating a magnetizing force HA the magnetization of the respective core is brought to the point +B, whereby the desired output signal is induced in the pertaining output winding WA. If now by application of an external magnetizing force, c g. by a permanent magnet, a magnetic field as indicated in FIG. 4 is created across the core and amounting to the value Hp in FIG. 3, then the magnetization of the core is increased almost tosaturation as indicated by the point B2, the magnetization B2 being under these circumstances greater than Bm. If now a read-out or input signal is applied to the input winding of this core already rnagnetized as far as B2 then the additional magnetization force HA will shift the point of magnetization from B2 to B3. However, in view of the form of the hysteresis loop characteristic the last mentioned increase of magnetization constitutes only a comparatively very smali change of the flux in the core and is therefore not capable to generate any output signal in the output winding, or onlyA a negligibly weak one.

Evidently, the strength of the output signal is proportional to the changes of magnetic iiux in the core which, in turn, are proportional to the differences -j-Bm--j-Br, marked as Ben, and B3-B2 marked in FIG. 3 as Bmeff. Therefore, in a core influenced by the application of an external -field the ratio between effective and ineffective magnetization is equal to the ratio between the Values 'l-Bm* -l-Br and BgFBZ.

It is desirable that the hysteresis loop characteristic of the core material displays in the area above Bm a nearly rectilinear form so that the change of flux due to magnetization beyond the point Bm is as small as possible. It is also of great advantage to utilize in the arrangement according to the invention annular cores because this type or core possesses a great permeability and because in these cores the difference between the permeability of the core exposed to an external field and the core non-exposed to an external field is particularly large.

Referring again to FIG. 2 and remembering the explanations given in connection with the description of FIG. l, it will be understood that if a sequence of readout pulses are applied to the matrix by the stepping switch 2t), and if the adjustable magnetizing means 11, 12, 13 of FIG. 1 were positioned as shown in FIG. l, then in the arrangement according to FIG. 2 an output signal representing the digit value l would appear in the output amplifier VC assigned to the third order position C, a signal representing the digit value 2 would appear in the output amplifier V2 assigned to the second order position B, and an output signal representing the digit value "0 would appear in the output amplifier VA assigned to the rst order position A. Thus a decimal number has been read out in correct order arrangement.

It shouid be noted that the matrix switch arrangement according to the invention and described above is not only useful as a device for transferring digit signals, but can be used with equal advantage directly as a digit storage device. For this purpose the movable magnetizing means 11-13 etc. would have to be moved or adjusted by control means forming part of the connected calculating machine to a desired digit representing position and would have to remain in this position until they are selectively released and returned to normal position as explained above in reference to FIG. la. Instead of the return spring c of FIG. la a conventional returning bar controlling all of the movable magnetizing means could be used. An arrangement as just described may be of particular advantage if a particular calculation factor is to be kept available through a sequence of several calculating operations.

It should be noted that in the above described arrangements the input windings could be used as output windings while the output windings could be used as input windings. In this case an input pulse applied simultaneously to all of the windings WA via all the lines OA, OB OL would generate output pulses in those windings WE only which are not previously rendered ineffective by corresponding adjustment of the shiftable magnetizing members 1I, 12, 13 etc. Thus, simultaneously output pulses representing preselected digit values Would be delivered simultaneously through the respective lines 100, 101, 102 109. Of course, in such case the accessory equipment like output ampliliers and input ampliliers etc. would have to be either omitted or replaced by other suitable devices.

In FIG. 1 rectifier diodes 50 and Sti', respectively, are provided in the input and output lines. The polarity thereof, as shown, corresponds to the polarity of the respective pulses. Their main purpose is to serve as decoupling means so that eg. pulses appearing when the magnetization of a core drops from -l-Bm to -j-Br remain without effect.

A further advantageous application of the invention including a slight modification of the above described arrangement will now be described with reference to FIG. 5 In this case the arrangement is designed to serve as a device for controlling the order position of digit value signals transmitted between cooperating devices. In FIG. 5 the heavy frame line indicates a matrix arrangement of the general type illustrated by FIG. 2 but having only three columns A, B, C and eight rows marked A', B', C H'. In this example the series connected output lines are used as input lines and the input lines of FIG. 2 are used as output lines as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 5. It is to be assumed that from an input device assumed to be arranged on the side marked I and operating With three-order numbers digit representing signals composed of pulse sequences of corresponding pulse numbers are applied to the matrix.

Since the iron cores of the arrangement are of magnetically soft material the subsequent application of a series of input or read-out pulses is possible with full efficiency.

Therefore if for instance one single pulse is applied to the column or input line C, a sequence of two pulses to the column or input line B, and a series or" five input pulses to the column or line A the respective order positions of these digit representing signals being determined by their application to the respective lines A, B, C which are assigned to definite order positions, the corresponding or resulting output signals as shown at the left hand side of the diagram will appear in the output lines in the same order arrangement so as to be transferred to a connected calculating or other device II. However, the order position of the output signals will be determined by the preceding adjustment of the magnetizing devices or bars 11, 12, 13. For the present example a pertaining adjustment or position of these members is indicated in FIG. 5 in dotted lines. Those core assemblies in the various columns of the matrix which are not affected by the magnetic external iield are symbolized by small circles surrounding the respective intersections between rows and columns. As can be seen, for maintaining the relative order positions of the three input signals the three members 11, 12, 13 must be adjusted in such a manner that the core assemblies rendered efIective are located along a diagonal connecting consecutive intersection points between rows and columns. In view of the particular adjustment of the magnetizing members 11, 12, I3 in the above mentioned example the output signals representing the digits l, 2, 5, respectively, will appear in the output lines D', C', B', respectively.

As is evident, it may be of great advantage in the particular case of FIG. 5 to interconnect the members 1I, 12 and 13 so that the above mentioned relation therebetween is rigidly maintained while the whole set of these members is being shifted in the direction of the columns. Instead of using separate members 11, 12 and 13 a substantially plate-shaped unit t@ may be used which carries the members 11, 12, 13 or is provided with elements equivalent to the Walls of the members 11, 12 and 13 for iniiuencing the core assemblies in the manner described above.

It can be seen that the operation of the device according to FIG. 5 will be effective to transmit digit value sig- 5? nals from the input side I in parallel to the output side II, i.e. in all order positions simultaneously.

It may be also desirable, e.g. for the purpose of storing digit values, to combine a plurality of matrix switch arrangements according to the invention. This possibility can be used for storing in each individual matrix switch arrangement a pre-selectable factor for continued multiplications. In order to simplify the entire arrangement in this case, all the input lines to 109 of all the Various switch arrangements assigned to the same digit value 0, l etc., respectively, are connected with each other, and similarly all those output lines which are assigned to the same order position would have to be connected together. In this case the switch S shown in FIG. l would be provided in each individual matrix switch arrangement. The switch S of that switch arrangement which contains a desired digit value stored therein would be moved to closed position in order to render the particular matrix switch arrangement ready for a transfer operation.

Matrix switch arrangements according to the invention can be used not only for storage and digit value transfer operations, but also with great advantage for other control purposes or even in telephone exchange installations, without departing in any way from the basic principle of the invention.

It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or two or more together, may also find a useful application in other types of matrix switch arrangement differing from the types described above.

While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in matrix switch arrangements with adjustable magnetizing means as control elements, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.

Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can by applying current knowledge readily adapt it for various applicaions without omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention and, therefore, such adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalence of the following claims.

What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

l. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies, each comprising a magnetizable core of low magnetic remanence, and an input winding and an output Winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a correspending output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse; and magnetizing means adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of said core assemblies of said set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

2. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies, each comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse 9 applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse; and magnetizing means adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of said core assemblies of said set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that uponk sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

3. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combinatioin, at least one set of core assemblies, each comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input Winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said output windings of said set of core assemblies being connected in series With each other; and magnetizing means adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of said core assemblies of said set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

4. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies, each comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse; and a magnetizing means adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of all of the cores of said core assemblies of said set except of one thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in said one core assembly.

5. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies, each comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse; and magnetizing means including permanent magnet means adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of said core assemblies of said set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

6. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies, each comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse; and magnetizing means including electromagnet means adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of said core assemblies of said set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

7. ln a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies arranged along a predetermined path, each comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input Winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse; and magnetizing means including permanent magnet means movable along said path and adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of said core assemblies of said set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

8. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies arranged along a predetermined path, each comprisinga magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse; and magnetizing means including permanent magnet means movable along said path and at least partly surrounding said core assemblies, said permanent magnet means being adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of said core assemblies of said set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

9. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies, each comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said input windings of said set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other; and magnetizing means adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of said core assemblies of said set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon simultaneous application of an input pulse to all of said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

l0. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies, each comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said input windings of said set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other; and magnetizing means adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of all of the cores of said core assemblies of said set except of one thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon simultaneous application of an input pulse to all of said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in said one core assembly.

ll. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies, each comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said input windings of said set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other; and magnetizing means including permanent magnet means adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to Said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of said core assemblies of said set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon simultaneous application of an input pulse to all of said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

12. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies, each comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said input windings of said set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other; and magnetizing means including electromagnet means adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of said core assemblies of said set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon simultaneous application of an input pulse to all of said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

13. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies arranged along a predetermined path, each comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said input windings of said set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other; and magnetizing means including permanent magnet means movable along said path and adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of said core assemblies of said set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon simultaneous application of an input pulse to all of said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

14. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, at least one set of core assemblies arranged along a predetermined path, each comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said input windings of said set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other; and magnetizing means including permanent magnet means movable along said path and at least partly surrounding said core assemblies, said permanent magnet means being adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to said core assemblies of said set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of said core assemblies of said set thereof to such 13 a degree close to saturation that upon simultaneous application of an input pulse to all of said input windings of said set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

15. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, a plurality of sets of core assemblies representing respectively matrix columns, each core assembly comprising a magnetizable core, and an input winding and an output winding on said coreand inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said output windings of each individual set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other, and a plurality of input windings of core assemblies, which are part of different sets thereof but have sequentially equal relative positions within said different sets, being connected in series with each other, the thus associated core assemblies, which have their input windings connected, representing rows of the matrix; the magnetizing means respectively associated with said sets of core assemblies and adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to the core assemblies of the respectively associated set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of core assemblies of the respective set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of the respective set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly of the respective set of core assemblies which is excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

16. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, a plurality of sets of core assemblies representing respectively matrix columns, each core assembly comprising a magnetizable core of low magnetic remanence, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said input windings of each individual set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other, and a plurality of output windings of core assemblies, which are part of diiferent sets thereof but have sequentially equal relative positions within said different sets, being connected in series with each other, the thus associated core assemblies, which have their output windings connected, representing rows of the matrix; and magnetizing means respectively associated with said sets of core assemblies and adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to the core assemblies of the respectively associated set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of core assemblies of the respective set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon simultaneous application of an input pulse to all of said input windings of all of said sets of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly of the respective sets of core assemblies which is excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

17. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, a plurality of sets of core assemblies representing respectively matrix columns, each core assembly comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic,

put windings of each individual set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other, and a plurality of input windings of core assemblies, which are part of diiferent sets thereof but have sequentially equal relative positions within said different sets, being connected in series with each other, the thus associated core assemblies, which have their input windings connected, representing rows of the matrix; and magnetizing means respectively associated with said sets of core assemblies and adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to the core assemblies of the respectively associated set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of core assemblies of the respective set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of the respective set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly of the respective set of core assemblies which is excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

18. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, a plurality of sets of core assemblies representing respectively matrix columns, each core assembly comprising a magnetizable core of magnetically soft material having a non-rectangular hysteresis loop characteristic, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by including a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said output windings of each individual set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other, and a plurality of input windings of core assemblies, which are part of different sets thereof but have sequentially equal relative positions within said different sets, being connected in series with each other, the thus associated core assemblies, which have their input windings connected, representing rows of the matrix; and magnetizing means respectively associated with said sets of core assemblies and adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to the core assemblies of the respectively associated set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of all of the cores of core assemblies of the respective set except one thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of the respective set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in said one core assembly of the respective set of core assemblies. n

19. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, a plurality of sets of core assemblies representing respectively matrix columns, each core assembly cornprising a magnetizable core of low magnetic remanence, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said output windings of each individual set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other, and a plurality of input windings of core assemblies, which are part of different sets thereof but have sequentially equal relative positions within said different sets, being connected in series with each other, the thus associated core assemblies, which have their input windings connected, representing rows of the matrix; and magnetizing means including permanent magnet means respectively associated with said sets of core assemblies and adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to the core assemblies of the respectively associated set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of core assemblies of the respective set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of the respective set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly of the respective set of core assemblies which is excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

20. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, a plurality of sets of core assemblies representing respectively matrix columns, each core assembly comprising a magnetizable core of low magnetic remanence, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said output windings of each individual set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other, and a plurality of input windings of core assemblies, which are part of different sets thereof but have sequentially equal relative positions within said different sets, being connected in series with each other, the thus associated core assemblies, which have their input windings connected, representing rows of the matrix; and magnetizing means including electromagnet means respectively associated with said sets of core assemblies adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to the core assemblies of the respectively associated set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization Of the cores of a predetermined number of core assemblies of the respective set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of the respective set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly of the respective set of core assemblies which is excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

21. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, a plurality of sets of core assemblies each arranged along a predetermined path representing respectively matrix columns, each core assembly comprising a magnetizable core of low magnetic remanence, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said output windings of each individual set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other, and a plurality of input windings of core assemblies, which are part of different sets thereof but have sequentially equal relative positions within said different sets, being connected in series with each other, the thus associated core assemblies, which have their input windings connected, representing rows of the matrix; and magnetizing means including permanent magnet means, movable along said path respectively associated with said sets of core assemblies and adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to the core assemblies of the respectively associated set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of core assemblies of the respective set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of the respective set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly of the respective set of core assemblies which is excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

22. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, a plurality of sets of core assemblies each arranged along a predetermined path representing respectively matrix columns, each core assembly comprising a magnetizable core of low magnetic remanence, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said output windings of each individual set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other, and a plurality of input windings of core assemblies, which are part of different sets thereof but have sequentially equal relative positions within said different sets, being connected in series with each other, the thus associated core assemblies, which have their input windings connected, representing rows of the matrix; and magnetizing means including permanent magnet means, movable along said path at least partly surrounding the respective core assemblies, said permanent magnet means being respectively associated with said sets of core assemblies and adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to the core assemblies of the respectively associated set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of core assemblies of the respective set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of the respective set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly of the respective set of core assemblies which is excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

23. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, a plurality of sets of core assemblies each arranged along a predetermined path representing respectively matrix columns, each core assembly comprising a magnetizable core of low magnetic remanence, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said output winding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said output windings of each individual set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other, and a plurality of input windings of core assemblies, which are part of different sets thereof but have sequentially equal relative positions within said different sets, being connected in series with each other, the thus associated core assemblies, which have their input windings connected, representing rows of the matrix; and magnetizing means including permanent magnet means, individually and independently movable along said path respectively associated with said sets of core assemblies and adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to the core assemblies of the respectively associated set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of core assemblies of the respective set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon sequential application of input pulses to said input windings of the respective set of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a ycore assembly of the respective set of core assemblies which is excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

24. In a matrix type switch arrangement, in combination, a plurality of sets of core assemblies each arranged along a predetermined path representing respectively matrix columns, each core assembly comprising a magnetizable core of low magnetic remanence, and an input winding and an output winding on said core and inductively coupled thereby, each of said core assemblies being capable of responding to an electric input pulse applied to its input winding by inducing a corresponding output pulse in said outputwinding thereof, provided that the particular core is in a predetermined normal state of comparatively low remanent magnetization, the particular core returning to said normal state after the production of said output pulse, all of said input windings of each individual set of core assemblies being connected in series with each other, and a plurality of output windings of core assemblies, which are part of diierent sets thereof but have sequentially equal relative positions within said different sets, being connected in series with each other, the thus associated core assemblies, which have their output windings connected, representing rows of the matrix; and magnetizing means including permanent magnet means respectively associated with said sets of core assemblies, jointly movable along said path at least partly surrounding the respective core assemblies, said permanent magnet means being adjustable to a plurality of positions in relation to the core assemblies of the respectively associated set thereof for increasing, in any one of said positions, the magnetization of the cores of a predetermined number of core assemblies of the respective set thereof to such a degree close to saturation that upon simultaneous application of an input pulse to all of said input windings of all of said sets of core assemblies an output pulse is produced only in a core assembly of the respective sets of core assemblies which is excluded from said predetermined number thereof.

25. An arrangement as described in claim 23, wherein the matrix type switch arrangement is adapted to be operatively assembled with a calculating machine having operative control elements movable between positions associated with respective different digit values, said permanent magnet means being adapted to be moved by said control elements into said plurality of positions.

26. An arrangement as claimed in claim 24, wherein the matrix type switch arrangement is adapted to be operatively assembled with a calculating machine having operative control elements movable between positions associated with respective different digit values, said permanent magnet means being adapted to be moved by said control elements into said plurality of positions.

27. An arrangement as claimed in claim 25, including return means for returning said permanent magnet means from any one of said plurality of positions to a normal position.

28. An arrangement as claimed in claim 26, including return means for returning said permanent magnet means from any one of said plurality of positions to a normal position.

29. An arrangement as claimed in claim 25, wherein said core assemblies in each of said sets thereof are spaced from each other a distance equal t0 the distances between said positions of said operative control elements associated with said different digit values.

30. An arrangement as claimed in claim 26, wherein said core assemblies in each of said sets thereof are spaced from each other a distance equal to the distances between said positions of said operative control elements associated with said different digit values.

31. An arrangement as claimed in claim 29, wherein the dilferent jointly adjustable permanent magnet means associated with said individual sets of core assemblies, respectively, are pre-adjusted relatively to each other in such a manner that in any one of said plurality of positions thereof the ones of said core assemblies of said sets thereof which are excepted from being iniluenced by said permanent magnet means are located on a diagonal of the matrix connecting the intersections of consecutive columns and rows thereof, respectively, whereby digit representing input signals applied to said sets of core assemblies assigned to respective order positions may be delivered by said output windings as digit representing output signals in the same order relation but in selectable order positions depending upon the adjustment of said jointly adjustable permanent magnet means to selected ones of said plurality of positions thereof.

32. An arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cores of said core assemblies are annular cores having a geometrical axis and are so oriented that said axis extends perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic eld of said magnetizing means.

33. An arrangement as claimed in claim 15, wherein said cores of said core assemblies are annular cores having a geometrical axis and are so oriented that said axis extends perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic eld of said magnetizing means.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,820,216 Grottrup Ian. 14, 1958 

15. IN A MATRIX TYPE SWITCH ARRANGEMENT, IN COMBINATION, A PLURALITY OF SETS OF CORE ASSEMBLIES REPRESENTING RESPECTIVELY MATRIX COLUMNS, EACH CORE ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A MAGNETIZABLE CORE, AND AN INPUT WINDING AND AN OUTPUT WINDING ON SAID CORE AND INDUCTIVELY COUPLED THEREBY, EACH OF SAID CORE ASSEMBLIES BEING CAPABLE OF RESPONDING TO AN ELECTRIC INPUT PULSE APPLIED TO ITS INPUT WINDING BY INDUCING A CORRESPONDING OUTPUT PULSE IN SAID OUTPUT WINDING THEREOF, PROVIDED THAT THE PARTICULAR CORE IS IN A PREDETERMINED NORMAL STATE OF COMPARATIVELY LOW REMANENT MAGNETIZATION, THE PARTICULAR CORE RETURNING TO SAID NORMAL STATE AFTER THE PRODUCTION OF SAID OUTPUT PULSE, ALL OF SAID OUTPUT WINDINGS OF EACH INDIVIDUAL SET OF CORE ASSEMBLIES BEING CONNECTED IN SERIES WITH EACH OTHER, AND A PLURALITY OF INPUT WINDINGS OF CORE ASSEMBLIES, WHICH ARE PART OF DIFFERENT SETS THEREOF BUT HAVE SEQUENTIALLY EQUAL RELATIVE POSITIONS WITHIN SAID DIFFERENT SETS, BEING CONNECTED IN SERIES WITH EACH OTHER, THE THUS ASSOCIATED CORE ASSEMBLIES, WHICH HAVE THEIR INPUT WINDINGS CONNECTED, REPRESENTING ROWS OF THE MATRIX; THE MAGNETIZING MEANS RESPECTIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH SAID SETS OF CORE ASSEMBLIES AND ADJUSTABLE TO A 